25 MCQs Related to Diseases Affecting Watermelon Crops
25 MCQs Related to Diseases Affecting Watermelon Crops
Watermelon crops face various diseases with distinct characteristics and causes. Anthracnose, resulting from Colletotrichum orbiculare, leads to target-like lesions on leaves. Phytophthora Blight, caused by Phytophthora capsici, induces water-soaked lesions, causing wilting and decay. Watermelon Mosaic Virus, transmitted by aphids, causes yellowing and stunted growth. Gummy Stem Blight, caused by Didymella bryoniae, leads to gummy stem cankers. Fusarium Wilt, transmitted through contaminated seeds, causes plant wilting. Alternaria Leaf Spot, from Alternaria alternata, results in sunken lesions on fruit. Downy Mildew spreads through airborne spores, causing leaf yellowing. Bacterial Wilt, transmitted by cucumber beetles, induces plant yellowing and wilting. Powdery Mildew manifests as a white powdery substance on leaves. Verticillium Wilt causes wilting, while Cucumber Mosaic Virus, transmitted by insect vectors, induces yellowing and stunting. Angular Leaf Spot, caused by Pseudomonas syringae, results in water-soaked lesions. Black Rot, caused by Xanthomonas citri, leads to black cankers on stems. Rhizoctonia Rot, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, affects the roots. Nematode damage causes galls on roots. Cucumber Mosaic Virus and Bacterial Canker are transmitted by insect vectors, causing yellowing and black cankers on stems, respectively. Rhizoctonia solani induces Rhizoctonia Rot, while Bacterial Canker results in a slimy bacterial ooze on cut stem surfaces. Understanding these diseases aids in implementing effective management strategies for healthy and productive watermelon crops.
1. What is the primary cause of Watermelon Anthracnose?
A) Bacterial infection
B) Fungal infection
C) Viral infection
D) Insect infestation
Answer: B) Fungal infection
Explanation:
Watermelon Anthracnose is primarily caused by the fungus Colletotrichum orbiculare.
2. Which disease is characterized by water-soaked lesions on watermelon leaves and fruit, leading to wilting and decay?
A) Powdery Mildew
B) Bacterial Wilt
C) Phytophthora Blight
D) Gummy Stem Blight
Answer: C) Phytophthora Blight
Explanation:
Phytophthora Blight causes water-soaked lesions on leaves and fruit, leading to wilting and decay.
3. What pathogen is responsible for causing Watermelon Mosaic Virus?
A) Bacteria
B) Fungus
C) Virus
D) Nematode
Answer: C) Virus
Explanation:
The Watermelon Mosaic Virus is caused by a viral infection.
4. Which disease results in yellowing of watermelon leaves and stunted plant growth?
A) Fusarium Wilt
B) Verticillium Wilt
C) Cucumber Mosaic Virus
D) Black Rot
Answer: C) Cucumber Mosaic Virus
Explanation:
Cucumber Mosaic Virus causes yellowing of leaves and stunted plant growth.
5. Gummy Stem Blight in watermelon is caused by which fungal pathogen?
A) Colletotrichum orbiculare
B) Fusarium oxysporum
C) Didymella bryoniae
D) Rhizoctonia solani
Answer: C) Didymella bryoniae
Explanation:
Gummy Stem Blight is caused by the fungus Didymella bryoniae.
6. Which disease is transmitted by the feeding of aphids on watermelon plants?
A) Fusarium Wilt
B) Watermelon Mosaic Virus
C) Bacterial Wilt
D) Powdery Mildew
Answer: B) Watermelon Mosaic Virus
Explanation:
Watermelon Mosaic Virus is often transmitted by aphids.
7. What is the primary symptom of Fusarium Wilt in watermelon?
A) Leaf spots
B) Wilting of plants
C) Yellowing of fruit
D) Powdery growth on leaves
Answer: B) Wilting of plants
Explanation:
Fusarium Wilt causes wilting of watermelon plants.
8. Which disease is known for causing lesions on watermelon leaves with a target-like appearance?
A) Anthracnose
B) Gummy Stem Blight
C) Downy Mildew
D) Alternaria Leaf Spot
Answer: A) Anthracnose
Explanation:
Anthracnose causes lesions on leaves with a target-like appearance.
9. What is the primary vector for the transmission of Bacterial Wilt in watermelon?
A) Whiteflies
B) Aphids
C) Beetles
D) Bacterial ooze
Answer: C) Beetles
Explanation:
Bacterial Wilt is often transmitted by cucumber beetles.
10. Which fungal pathogen causes Alternaria Leaf Spot in watermelon?
A) Colletotrichum orbiculare
B) Alternaria alternata
C) Phytophthora capsici
D) Fusarium oxysporum
Answer: B) Alternaria alternata
Explanation:
Alternaria Leaf Spot is caused by the fungus Alternaria alternata.
11. What is the primary mode of transmission for Downy Mildew in watermelon?
A) Soil-borne
B) Airborne spores
C) Seed transmission
D) Insect vectors
Answer: B) Airborne spores
Explanation:
Downy Mildew is primarily transmitted through airborne spores.
12. Yellowing and wilting of watermelon plants are characteristic symptoms of which disease?
A) Bacterial Wilt
B) Powdery Mildew
C) Watermelon Mosaic Virus
D) Verticillium Wilt
Answer: A) Bacterial Wilt
Explanation:
Bacterial Wilt causes yellowing and wilting of plants.
13. What is the causal agent of Angular Leaf Spot in watermelon?
A) Pseudomonas syringae
B) Xanthomonas citri
C) Alternaria alternata
D) Colletotrichum orbiculare
Answer: A) Pseudomonas syringae
Explanation:
Angular Leaf Spot is caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae.
14. Which disease is characterized by the presence of a powdery white substance on the upper surfaces of watermelon leaves?
A) Powdery Mildew
B) Downy Mildew
C) Alternaria Leaf Spot
D) Anthracnose
Answer: A) Powdery Mildew
Explanation:
Powdery Mildew appears as a white powdery substance on the upper leaf surfaces.
15. What is the primary symptom of Verticillium Wilt in watermelon?
A) Black lesions on leaves
B) Yellowing of leaves
C) Gummy stem cankers
D) Wilting of plants
Answer: D) Wilting of plants
Explanation:
Verticillium Wilt causes wilting of watermelon plants.
16. Which disease is commonly transmitted through contaminated seeds in watermelon crops?
A) Bacterial Wilt
B) Cucumber Mosaic Virus
C) Alternaria Leaf Spot
D) Fusarium Wilt
Answer: D) Fusarium Wilt
Explanation:
Fusarium Wilt can be transmitted through contaminated seeds.
17. What is the primary symptom of Black Rot in watermelon?
A) Water-soaked lesions
B) Black cankers on stems
C) Yellowing of leaves
D) Powdery growth on fruit
Answer: B) Black cankers on stems
Explanation:
Black Rot is characterized by black cankers on stems.
18. Which disease is caused by the pathogen Phytophthora capsici in watermelon?
A) Downy Mildew
B) Phytophthora Blight
C) Anthracnose
D) Gummy Stem Blight
Answer: B) Phytophthora Blight
Explanation:
Phytophthora Blight is caused by Phytophthora capsici.
19. Gummy stem cankers are associated with which disease in watermelon?
A) Gummy Stem Blight
B) Verticillium Wilt
C) Alternaria Leaf Spot
D) Bacterial Wilt
Answer: A) Gummy Stem Blight
Explanation:
Gummy Stem Blight is characterized by gummy stem cankers.
20. What is the primary symptom of Alternaria Leaf Spot on watermelon fruit?
A) Gummy exudates
B) Sunken lesions
C) Black cankers
D) White powdery growth
Answer: B) Sunken lesions
Explanation:
Alternaria Leaf Spot on fruit is characterized by sunken lesions.
21. Which disease is associated with the development of galls on watermelon roots?
A) Root Rot
B) Nematode damage
C) Black Rot
D) Angular Leaf Spot
Answer: B) Nematode damage
Explanation:
Nematode damage can lead to the development of galls on watermelon roots.
22. What is the primary mode of transmission for Cucumber Mosaic Virus in watermelon?
A) Soil-borne
B) Airborne
C) Seed transmission
D) Insect vectors
Answer: D) Insect vectors
Explanation:
The Cucumber Mosaic Virus is often transmitted by insect vectors.
23. What is the primary symptom of Bacterial Canker in watermelon?
A) Water-soaked lesions
B) Black cankers on stems
C) Gummy exudates
D) Yellowing of leaves
Answer: B) Black cankers on stems
Explanation:
Bacterial Canker is characterized by black cankers on stems.
24. What disease is caused by the pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in watermelon?
A) Downy Mildew
B) Rhizoctonia Rot
C) Bacterial Wilt
D) Powdery Mildew
Answer: B) Rhizoctonia Rot
Explanation:
Rhizoctonia solani causes Rhizoctonia Rot in watermelon.
25. Which disease is characterized by the presence of a slimy bacterial ooze on cut surfaces of infected watermelon stems?
A) Bacterial Wilt
B) Black Rot
C) Bacterial Canker
D) Gummy Stem Blight
Answer: C) Bacterial Canker
Explanation:
Bacterial Canker is characterized by a slimy bacterial ooze on cut surfaces of infected stems.