Diseases Affecting Tomato Crops - 20 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) related to along with their corresponding answers.
Diseases Affecting Tomato Crops - 20 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) related to along with their corresponding answers.
1. What is the primary cause of Early Blight in tomato plants?
a) Bacterial infection
b) Fungal infection
c) Viral infection
d) Insect damage
Answer: b) Fungal infection
Explanation:
Early Blight is caused by a fungal pathogen, Alternaria solani, which leads to the development of characteristic dark brown lesions on leaves and fruit.
2. Which fungal disease often results in the formation of concentric rings on tomato leaves?
a) Late Blight
b) Powdery Mildew
c) Septoria Leaf Spot
d) Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus
Answer: c) Septoria Leaf Spot
Explanation: Septoria Leaf Spot is characterized by the formation of small, dark spots with concentric rings on tomato leaves, caused by the fungus Septoria lycopersici.
3. Tomato plants can be affected by a disease known as "Blossom End Rot." What nutrient deficiency is primarily responsible for this condition?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Calcium
d) Potassium
Answer: c) Calcium
Explanation:
Blossom End Rot is primarily caused by a calcium deficiency, resulting in dark, sunken areas at the blossom end of the fruit.
4. Which disease is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and leads to small, water-soaked lesions on tomato leaves and fruits?
a) Fusarium Wilt
b) Bacterial Spot
c) Verticillium Wilt
d) Tomato Mosaic Virus
Answer: b) Bacterial Spot
Explanation:
Bacterial Spot is caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, resulting in water-soaked lesions on leaves and fruit.
5. Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) is primarily transmitted by:
a) Aphids
b) Whiteflies
c) Beetles
d) Nematodes
Answer: b) Whiteflies
Explanation:
TYLCV is primarily transmitted by whiteflies, which feed on infected plants and then transmit the virus to healthy plants.
6. Which disease causes the wilting of tomato plants, often starting with lower leaves, and is caused by soilborne fungi?
a) Early Blight
b) Root Knot Nematodes
c) Fusarium Wilt
d) Botrytis Rot
Answer: c) Fusarium Wilt
Explanation:
Fusarium Wilt is a soilborne fungal disease that leads to wilting of tomato plants, usually starting with lower leaves.
7. The pathogen Alternaria solani is responsible for which common tomato disease?
a) Early Blight
b) Late Blight
c) Septoria Leaf Spot
d) Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl
Answer: a) Early Blight
Explanation:
Alternaria solani is responsible for Early Blight, which manifests as dark lesions on leaves and fruit.
8. What is the primary mode of transmission for Late Blight, a devastating disease for tomato and potato crops?
a) Wind
b) Soil contact
c) Rainwater
d) Spores in the air
Answer: d) Spores in the air
Explanation:
Late Blight is primarily spread through airborne spores, making it highly contagious.
9. Which disease is characterized by a fuzzy gray mold that affects both green and ripe tomatoes in humid conditions?
a) Fusarium Wilt
b) Gray Mold (Botrytis Rot)
c) Verticillium Wilt
d) Tomato Mosaic Virus
Answer: b) Gray Mold (Botrytis Rot)
Explanation:
Gray Mold, also known as Botrytis Rot, results in the formation of fuzzy gray mold on both green and ripe tomatoes, especially in humid conditions.
10. Nematodes, microscopic roundworms, can damage tomato roots and are responsible for which disease?
a) Bacterial Spot
b) Root Knot Nematodes
c) Late Blight
d) Early Blight
Answer: b) Root Knot Nematodes
Explanation:
Root Knot Nematodes are responsible for the formation of knots or galls on tomato roots, causing damage to the plant.
11. What is the primary symptom of Tomato Mosaic Virus in tomato plants?
a) Curling and yellowing of leaves
b) Large brown lesions on fruit
c) White, powdery spots on leaves
d) Stunted growth and wilting
Answer: a) Curling and yellowing of leaves
Explanation:
Tomato Mosaic Virus often leads to the curling and yellowing of tomato leaves.
12. How can tomato growers help prevent the spread of diseases like Early Blight and Late Blight?
a) Apply excessive fertilizer
b) Water the plants daily
c) Practice crop rotation
d) Increase planting density
Answer: c) Practice crop rotation
Explanation:
Crop rotation is a valuable practice to reduce the spread of soilborne diseases like Early Blight and Late Blight.
13. What is the primary means of controlling aphid-transmitted diseases in tomato plants?
a) Fungicides
b) Pesticides
c) Biological control with ladybugs
d) Removing infected plants
Answer: c) Biological control with ladybugs
Explanation:
Using beneficial insects like ladybugs can help control aphids, which transmit diseases to tomato plants.
14. In which season do most tomato diseases tend to thrive, making it essential to monitor and manage them diligently?
a) Spring
b) Summer
c) Fall
d) Winter
Answer: b) Summer
Explanation:
Many tomato diseases thrive in the warm and humid conditions of summer, necessitating careful monitoring and management.
15. What disease-resistant tomato varieties are often recommended to minimize the impact of various tomato diseases?
a) Indeterminate tomatoes
b) Heirloom tomatoes
c) Hybrid tomatoes
d) Roma tomatoes
Answer: c) Hybrid tomatoes
Explanation:
Hybrid tomato varieties often have disease-resistant traits, making them recommended choices for reducing disease impact.
16. Powdery Mildew is a fungal disease that typically affects which part of the tomato plant?
a) Leaves
b) Roots
c) Fruits
d) Stems
Answer: a) Leaves
Explanation:
Powdery Mildew primarily affects the leaves of tomato plants, resulting in a white, powdery growth.
17. What is a common symptom of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) in tomato plants?
a) Yellowing of veins in leaves
b) Black spots on fruit
c) Twisted or distorted growth
d) Wilted roots
Answer: c) Twisted or distorted growth
Explanation:
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus often causes twisted or distorted growth in tomato plants.
18. Late Blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, was responsible for a historical crop failure. Which crop was affected during this significant event?
a) Potato
b) Corn
c) Wheat
d) Soybean
Answer: a) Potato
Explanation:
Late Blight, historically known for the Irish Potato Famine, devastated potato crops.
19. What cultural practice can help reduce the spread of soilborne diseases like Fusarium and Verticillium wilt?
a) Mulching
b) Frequent tilling
c) Overwatering
d) Planting in the same spot each year
Answer: a) Mulching
Explanation:
Mulching can help reduce the spread of soilborne diseases by preventing soil splash and contact with the plant.
20. What is the primary way to manage tomato diseases and reduce their impact on tomato crops?
a) Planting tomatoes closer together
b) Applying synthetic chemicals
c) Regularly spraying with water
d) Using disease-resistant tomato varieties
Answer: d) Using disease-resistant tomato varieties
Explanation:
Using disease-resistant tomato varieties is an effective way to manage tomato diseases and reduce their impact without relying on synthetic chemicals.
Prepared by
Dr.M.Narayanan